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Showing posts from September, 2021

Plateau Iris | Ciliary Body | Anatomy of Human Eye

 The ciliary body is the site of aqueous humor creation and it is completely associated with aqueous humor elements. The ciliary body is the front piece of the uveal tract, which is situated between the iris and the choroid.  On cross-view section, the ciliary body has the state of a right triangle, around 6 mm long, where its peak is bordering with the choroid and the base near the iris. Remotely, it joins to the scleral spur making a possible space, the supraciliary space, among it and the sclera. The outside surface structures the front addition of the uveal tract.The inside surface of the ciliary body interacts with the glassy surface and is in continuation with the retina.  The front piece of the ciliary body is known as the Pars plicata or corona ciliaris and is portrayed by ciliary cycles, which is comprised of roughly 70 outspread edges (major ciliary cycles) and an equivalent number of more modest edges (minor or middle ciliary cycles) between them.  The Par...

If you wear eyeglasses daily then you are lucky.

Its true, according to a  research paper  if you wear eyeglasses daily then you have less chances of getting COVID-19 . In the study scientist noted that those patients who wear glasses daily are 26% less likely to get Corona Virus than if you don't wear any glasses. Hence glasses like a mask also cover your eyes and prevent transmission of secretion based transmission of COVID 19.

New Mobile App for Ophtalmologists

 Ophthalmologists can access an up to date knowledge online via American Academy applications instead of google or wikipedia which usually lack coherence of the data.  New Mobile App for Ophtalmologists

How to differentiate an antigen from an epitope.

It is a commonly confused point while discussing uveitis in eye that either the immune cells in anterior chamber of the eye are stimulate by an antigen or an epitope. Lets make this confusion a piece of cake. Antigen Epitope An anitgen is a substance that is capable of stimulating  an immune response Also known as antigen determinant. It is part of antigen that is recognised by immune system especially by anti-body B or T Cells   Two Main types:  Foreign antigen  Auto-antigen Two Main types:  Conformational  Linear The amount of immune response stimulated depends upon kind and amount of antigen, route of entry in the body and individual characteristic of the individual

One Important role of Pahchymetry (Corneal thickness) in Glaucoma (کالا موتیہ)

  Pachymerty is measurement of thickness of cornea. It is used for multiple purposes like to do LASIK surgery how much thickness can we remove in order to correct the refractive error. The mechanism by which this machine works is by corneal reflex of light at different interfaces through its thickness. Cornea is a very delicate structure of eye that is a very useful component of focusing mechanism of human eye. Now what do this thickness has a relation with glaucoma which is recognized with raised intraocular pressure?   If the thickness of cornea is high then the common mechanism by which we measure the intraocular pressure i.e. applanation method gives us a false high reading. Now if we have an eye that has a high intraocular pressure reading will lead to false diagnosis of glaucoma and hence commencement of glaucoma therapy. on the other hand if the the thickness of cornea is low, we will have false low pressure. Hence it is necessary to measure  CCT or central c...

Why glaucoma(موتیہ کالا) is dangerous.

  Glaucoma is a multi-factorial  disease that affects our vision slowly in the matter of months  and years if not days. The eye of the patients looks perfectly fine from the outside but the inside of the eye is getting damaged. Retina which is the inner most layer of the eyeball is most prone to damage. The most common factor being the raised intraocular pressure. Intraocular pressure can be raised due to obstruction of the watery fluid from the inside of the eye where it is continuously being produced. This raised intraocular pressure compresses the micro fibers of the retina and thus decreasing the peripheral field of the vision. Retinal fibers that are involved  in the straight ahead vision are not affected until the disease has progressed to its most severe form after which the person becomes permanently blind. This comes to the patient out of the blue that he is blind all of a sudden. So it is necessary that when ever you go an ophthalmologist for your gross vi...

How COVID 19 affects eyes.

  COVID 19 is a viral disease that can affect eyes and you may feel itching, burning, watering and redness in your eyes. If you are un-sure of COVID 19 affecting your eyes try stretching your lower eyelid down and see if its reddish more compared to other white of the eye. If it is more reddish than the white area of your eye then probably your eyes are affected with a virus which if more endemic in your area can be COVID 19 conjunctivitis. You don't have to worry about it, you just take artificial tears which can be from drug stores over the counter and start instilling single drop in both eyes four times a day for 7 days. Don't forget to visit an Ophthalmologist in the mean while to prevent any complication from viral conjunctivitis like corneal ulcers.